The topic of connection between quantum physics and the Holy Quran is an intellectual journey that appears to bridge the apparent gap between material science and spiritual revelation. This branch of modern science, which studies the mysterious dynamics of the world of atoms and particles, and the Quran, which has been guiding humanity for fourteen hundred years, appear to be two parallel lines that never seem to meet. But when examined in depth, remarkable harmony is found between the two. “Quantum Physics in the Quran: Entanglement Theory and Verses of Cosmic Connection” actually explores this very harmony. This article examines the idea of whether the Quran already contains insights that reflect complex scientific theories like quantum entanglement—a theory according to which two particles, even if they are at opposite ends of the universe, are connected in such a way that an action on one instantly affects the other. Is it possible that the Quran had already taught us this concept of fundamental cosmic unity and mutual connection? This article sets out in search of answers to these very questions, giving birth to a new kind of dialogue between the complex principles of quantum mechanics and the deep interpretive tradition of the Quran.

Quantum entanglement is that theory of modern physics that surprised even great scientists like Albert Einstein, who called it “spooky action at a distance.” According to this theory, two particles can become connected in such a way that their quantum states become dependent on each other. Even if these particles are separated to opposite directions of the universe, a change in one particle’s state instantly affects the other particle. This process appears to be faster than the speed of light, challenging our traditional understanding of causality. This is not merely a theory but has been repeatedly proven experimentally and has practical applications in modern technology like quantum computing and quantum encryption. Entanglement tells us that at the fundamental level of the universe, everything is interconnected—a reality that has been expressed for centuries in Eastern philosophies and Sufi traditions.

In Surah Adh-Dhariyat (51:49) of the Quran, it is stated: “**وَمِن كُلِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَا زَوْجَيْنِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ**” (And of everything We have created pairs, that you may remember). In traditional interpretation of this verse, generally male and female pairs are meant. But when viewed through the lens of modern science, the concept of “pairs of everything” bears deep correspondence with the theory of quantum entanglement. In quantum physics, entangled particles actually function like “pairs,” whether they are electrons or photons, whose states are always correlated with each other. This verse compels us to think: Is the Quran limiting the concept of “pairs” merely to the biological, or is it pointing toward a fundamental structure of the universe where every existence is connected to another existence at some level? This is the point where remarkable harmony emerges between revelation and science.

In Surah An-Naml (27:75) it is said: “**وَمَا مِنْ غَائِبَةٍ فِي السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ مُّبِينٍ**” (And there is nothing hidden in the heaven and the earth but that it is in a clear Book). This verse mentions the “clear Book,” which interpreters generally consider to be the “Preserved Tablet” or Divine Knowledge. Interestingly, an important concept in quantum physics is the “Wave Function,” which is a mathematical description of all possible states of any particle or system. This wave function is actually a kind of “book” that contains all possible information about a particle. When we make an observation, this wave function “collapses” and the particle appears in a specific state. Does the Quranic concept of the “clear Book” resemble this quantum wave function? Is it possible that Allah’s knowledge is the fundamental “wave function” from which every entity in the universe emerges? This is a deep philosophical question that paves the way for dialogue between science and religion.

In Surah Ar-Rahman (55:7-9) it is stated: “**وَالسَّمَاءَ رَفَعَهَا وَوَضَعَ الْمِيزَانَ – أَلَّا تَطْغَوْا فِي الْمِيزَانِ – وَأَقِيمُوا الْوَزْنَ بِالْقِسْطِ وَلَا تُخْسِرُوا الْمِيزَانَ**” (And the heaven He raised and imposed the balance – That you not transgress within the balance – And establish weight in justice and do not make deficient the balance). This concept of “balance” is not limited to moral guidance alone, but it also points toward the natural equilibrium of the universe. In quantum physics, space is not completely empty but is filled with “quantum fluctuations”—particle pairs continuously form and annihilate, maintaining a balance. These fluctuations are actually a manifestation of the cosmic “balance,” where a delicate equilibrium of energy and matter is established. This verse reminds us that at every level of the universe—whether moral or physical—a divine balance and justice is established, and quantum fluctuations could be a manifestation of this very balance.

In Surah Yasin (36:39) regarding the moon it is said: “**وَالْقَمَرَ قَدَّرْنَاهُ مَنَازِلَ حَتَّىٰ عَادَ كَالْعُرْجُونِ الْقَدِيمِ**” (And for the moon We have determined phases until it returns [appearing] like the old date stalk). The word “qadarnahu” (We have determined) holds special importance here. This word is from “taqdeer,” which means measure, proportion, or decree. In quantum physics, every particle’s “quantum state” has a specific measure and probability. When we make a measurement, the particle “collapses” into a specific state that cannot be precisely known beforehand, but there is a range of possibilities for it. Does this Quranic concept of “taqdeer” resemble the process of quantum measurement? Just as the moon’s phases are under a determined system, perhaps the movement and state of every particle in the universe is under a divine “measurement” and “taqdeer.”

In Surah An-Nur (24:35), the “Verse of Light” presents a deep insight into the nature of the universe: “**اللَّهُ نُورُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ**” (Allah is the Light of the heavens and the earth). This light is not merely metaphorical. In modern physics, light is the foundation of quantum physics. Photons (particles of light) were the first particles for which the concept of quantum entanglement was experimentally proven. Furthermore, the electromagnetic force, which is the basis of chemical bonds and life itself, comes into existence through the exchange of photons. Is it possible that the Quran’s “light” is not only spiritual light but also points toward the fundamental physical light of the universe? Just as photons are the means of transmission of information and energy in the universe, perhaps the Divine “Light” is also the foundation of existence.

In the Quran, the creation of the universe is mentioned as occurring in “six days” (Surah Al-A’raf 7:54). The word “yawm” (day) is used in the Quran for different time scales—sometimes it equals 50,000 years (Surah Al-Ma’arij 70:4). These “six stages of creation” bear resemblance to the evolutionary stages of the universe after the Big Bang in modern cosmology. Similarly, in quantum physics, the evolution of any system occurs under the Schrödinger equation, which describes the change in the system’s state with time. Could the “six days” of creation actually be six grand stages of cosmic evolution, occurring under a divine “Schrödinger equation”? This is an interesting similarity that makes us think.

In Surah Adh-Dhariyat (51:21) it is said: “**وَفِي أَنفُسِكُمْ ۚ أَفَلَا تُبْصِرُونَ**” (And in yourselves. Then will you not see?). This verse presents humans as microcosm (small universe). In quantum physics, from atoms and subatomic particles to stars and galaxies, everything operates under the same natural laws. The human body is made of billions of atoms, each of which follows quantum laws. The electrical signals in our brain’s neurons also depend on quantum processes. Is it possible that our very existence is the greatest evidence of the fundamental unity of the universe? This verse invites us to understand the universe within ourselves along with the external universe.

In Hadith, “Bait-ul-Mamoor” is mentioned, which is a house in the heaven where every day 70,000 angels come for worship and then do not return until the Day of Judgment. This concept bears interesting resemblance to the “vacuum energy” of quantum physics. According to quantum physics, space is not empty but is filled with energy, where particles continuously form and annihilate. Could the metaphysical concept of “Bait-ul-Mamoor” be pointing toward this energy center of the universe from where the energy of existence emanates? This is a mysterious parallel that builds a bridge between science and spirituality.

In the Quran, the “Preserved Tablet” is mentioned, where everything is written (Surah Al-Buruj 85:22). In modern physics, according to the “holographic principle,” all information of the universe can be encoded on its surface. Similarly, in quantum information theory, information is never destroyed—it is preserved. Could the “Preserved Tablet” actually be pointing toward this preserved repository of cosmic information that modern science is discovering? This is a deep question that compels us to contemplate the nature of knowledge.

In Surah Adh-Dhariyat (51:47) it is stated: “**وَالسَّمَاءَ بَنَيْنَاهَا بِأَيْدٍ وَإِنَّا لَمُوسِعُونَ**” (And the heaven We constructed with strength, and indeed, We are [its] expander). The word “musi’un” (expanders) has shown remarkable correspondence with the theory of expanding universe in modern cosmology. This expansion is actually occurring at the level of space-time fabric, which falls within the realm of quantum gravity. The expansion of the universe tells us that the universe is not static but dynamic—a concept that the Quran stated fourteen hundred years ago.

In Surah Al-Hajj (22:47) it is said: “**وَإِنَّ يَوْمًا عِندَ رَبِّكَ كَأَلْفِ سَنَةٍ مِّمَّا تَعُدُّونَ**” (And indeed, a day with your Lord is like a thousand years of those which you count). This verse points toward the relative nature of time—a concept that is the foundation of Einstein’s theory of relativity. In quantum gravity, time together with space creates a flexible fabric, which passes at different rates in different gravitational fields. Could this statement of the Quran actually be pointing toward this relative nature of time that modern physics has discovered?

The Quran continuously invites humans to reflect upon the universe: “**أَفَلَا يَنظُرُونَ إِلَى الْإِبِلِ كَيْفَ خُلِقَتْ – وَإِلَى السَّمَاءِ كَيْفَ رُفِعَتْ – وَإِلَى الْجِبَالِ كَيْفَ نُصِبَتْ**” (Then do they not look at the camels – how they are created? And at the sky – how it is raised? And at the mountains – how they are erected?) (Surah Al-Ghashiyah 88:17-20). This is the foundation of scientific method—observation and reflection. Quantum physics itself stands on this very process of observation, where the relationship between observer and observed holds fundamental importance. This call of the Quran is in a way a divine endorsement for modern scientific inquiry.

The central message of the Quran is Tawheed (worship of One Allah). This concept has deep connection with the fundamental unity (unity) of the universe. Quantum entanglement shows us that at the fundamental level of the universe, everything is interconnected—a unity exists. Just as all entangled particles are part of one underlying reality, perhaps the entire universe is a manifestation of the unity of one Creator. This parallel between the Tawheed of the Quran and quantum unity is perhaps the deepest connection.

These parallels between quantum physics and the Quran do not prove that the Quran is a book of science. Rather, they indicate that different sources of truth—whether revelation or science—are not contradictory to each other. The Quran itself says: “**سَنُرِيهِمْ آيَاتِنَا فِي الْآفَاقِ وَفِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ**” (We will show them Our signs in the horizons and within themselves until it becomes clear to them that it is the truth) (Surah Fussilat 41:53). Perhaps modern science, including the discoveries of quantum physics, is one of those “signs” that is guiding us toward the Creator of the universe. This dialogue is a step toward complementarity rather than conflict between science and religion.